Hyperspectral

Hyperspectral sensors have the capability to capture many discrete bands of light. This is typically over 200 discrete bands. Traditionally used in astronomy or food production, hyperspectral imagers are ideal for identifying specific elements within a scene to determine the scene’s chemical composition. The same use is applied to manned and unmanned application of this sensing technology.

NOTE: You sacrifice spatial resolution with hyperspectral imagers to obtain this high spectral resolution. Hyperspectral sensors can have 10x worse spatial resolution when compared visual sensor covering the same area.  

Here are some examples:

Headwall Photonics: http://www.headwallphotonics.com/spectral-imaging/hyperspectral/nano-hyperspec

BaySpec: http://www.bayspec.com/spectroscopy/oci-uav-hyperspectral-camera/